Nginx
简介
Nginx 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理 web 服务器。
部署
容器部署
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
| version: "3"
services:
nginx:
image: nginx:latest
ports:
- "8080:80"
volumes:
- <path>/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- <path>/html:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro
|
注：如果部署之后出现访问权限异常，则最好先检查下文件，重新构建一次前端项目试试。
常见使用模式
代理加密
Nginx 提供了 ngx_http_auth_basic_module 模块实现让用户只有输入正确的用户名密码才允许访问 web。可以通过如下步骤，完成此需求：
- 生成用户名密码文件
1
2
| yum install -y httpd-tools
htpasswd -bc <file_path> <username> <password>
|
注：htpasswd命令选项参数说明:
-c 创建一个加密文件
-n 不更新加密文件，只将htpasswd命令加密后的用户名密码显示在屏幕上
-m 默认 htpassswd 命令采用 MD5 算法对密码进行加密
-d htpassswd 命令采用 CRYPT 算法对密码进行加密
-p htpassswd 命令不对密码进行进行加密，即明文密码
-s htpassswd 命令采用 SHA 算法对密码进行加密
-b htpassswd 命令行中一并输入用户名和密码而不是根据提示输入密码
-D 删除指定的用户
- 部署 Nginx 服务
编写配置文件，并将密码文件放置在 /etc/nginx/passwd 即可：
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
| user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 4096;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name _;
location / {
auth_basic "closed site";
auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/passwd;
proxy_pass http://xxx.xxx.xxx;
client_max_body_size 10m;
}
}
}
|
CORS 跨域配置
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
| user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 4096;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name _;
location / {
if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'Authorization, Content-Type';
add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain; charset=utf-8';
add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
return 204;
}
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'Authorization, Content-Type';
add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Authorization';
proxy_pass http://xxx.xxx.xxx;
}
}
}
|
HTTPS 配置
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
| user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 4096;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server {
listen 80;
server_name xxx.xxx.xxx;
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name xxx.xxx.xxx;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/key.pem;
location / {
proxy_pass http://xxx.xxx.xxx/;
}
}
}
|
参考资料
官方文档
容器页